How to Grow Strawberries: From Planting to Harvest (Plus FAQs!)

how to grow fruit
Written By EZ Teach

Ever dreamed of biting into a juicy, sweet strawberry you nurtured from seed to fruit? Growing your own strawberries is easier than you think! This comprehensive guide will teach you how to grow strawberries, from selecting the perfect variety and prepping your soil to planting methods (seeds, runners, even the fruit itself!), proper care, and harvesting those delicious berries.

We'll answer all your burning questions, like the best time to plant, ideal growing conditions, and how to keep your plants healthy and productive. So, grab your gardening gloves and get ready to unlock the secrets of strawberry success!

If you are looking for helpful advice on how to grow strawberries or any other type of plant, contact us. We can also help you promote your gardening products or garden centre on our website. Talk to us today to get started.

 

How to Grow Strawberries: Your Complete Guide

1. How to Grow Strawberries: Before You Plant

Discover everything you will need to learn how to grow strawberries successfully - Image by Jorge Lujan from Pixabay

 

Even before you get your hands on seeds, runners, or even a juicy strawberry itself (for a fun experiment!), there are a few key things to consider to set your strawberry plants up for success.

 

A) Choosing the Right Location:

Strawberries are sun-worshippers! Aim for at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight each day for optimal growth and fruit production.

When growing in pots, ensure they can be easily moved to follow the sun's path throughout the day. Also, consider a spot with good air circulation to help prevent fungal diseases.

 

B) Selecting the Right Strawberry Variety (For In-Ground & Pot Planting)

Choosing the perfect strawberry variety sets the stage for a bountiful harvest. Here's a breakdown to help you select the best fit for your in-ground or container garden:

Seasonality:

June-bearing:
June-bearing strawberries are heavy producers and will deliver a large crop of berries within a few weeks (typically in late spring/early summer). Popular varieties include 'Honeoye,' 'Allstar,' and 'Chandler.'

Everbearing:
The everbearing strawberry varieties produce smaller fruits throughout the growing season, offering a continuous harvest from early summer until fall. Good choices include 'Albion,' 'Tristar,' and 'Mara des Bois.'

Climate Considerations:

Day-Neutral:
Day-neutral strawberries flower and fruit based on day length, not temperature fluctuations. They're a good option for warm climates where traditional June-bearing varieties may struggle. Consider 'San Andreas' or 'Florida Beauty.'

Cold-Hardy:
If you experience harsh winters, opt for varieties known for good winter hardiness, such as 'Jewel' or 'Surecrop,'

Plant Size & Spacing:

For In-Ground Planting:
You need to consider the mature size of the plants when choosing a variety. Larger varieties like 'Fort Laramie' require more spacing (around 18-24 inches apart) so they are better for in-ground planting and not containers.

For Pot Planting:

Choose compact plants for pots - Image by congerdesign from Pixabay

 

If you are growing your strawberries in containers then make sure to choose compact, everbearing varieties like 'Tribute' or 'Festival' that thrive in pots due to their smaller size.

Disease Resistance:

Some varieties boast resistance to common strawberry diseases like powdery mildew or verticillium wilt. Look for varieties like 'Festival' (mildew resistance) or 'Tristar' (verticillium wilt resistance) for easier maintenance.

Taste Preference:

Ultimately, taste is subjective! Some options may have a sweeter flavour (e.g., 'Mara des Bois.'), while others lean towards a tangier profile (e.g., 'Chandler'). Research different varieties and their flavour descriptions to find your perfect match.

By considering these factors, you'll be well on your way to selecting the ideal strawberry variety for your specific needs, whether you're planting in the ground or in containers!

 

C) Preparing Your Soil (For In-Ground Planting)

If you're planting your strawberries directly in the ground, proper soil preparation is vital for their success. Here's what you need to do:

Sun & Location:

Choose a sunny spot receiving at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily. Good air circulation is also important, so avoid planting too close to walls or fences.

Soil Test:

The above video will show you how to test your soil.

 

Conduct a soil test to determine the pH level. Strawberries prefer slightly acidic soil, ideally with a pH between 5.8 and 6.5.

Amending the Soil:

If your soil is too alkaline (high pH), amend it with organic matter like the following:

  • Compost

  • Aged manure

  • Coffee grounds

If it's too acidic (low pH), add lime following package instructions.

Loosening the Soil:

Till or dig the soil to a depth of at least 12 inches to loosen it and improve drainage. This allows for better root development and air circulation.

Adding Nutrients:

Mix in a balanced organic fertilizer according to package instructions to provide essential nutrients for your strawberry plants.

Creating Raised Beds (Optional):

Consider building raised beds for improved drainage and easier maintenance, especially in areas with poor soil quality or drainage.

By following these steps, you'll create a healthy and fertile environment for your strawberries to thrive in the ground!

 

D) Preparing Your Potting Mix (For Pot Planting):

If you are growing your strawberries in pots, you will need to create a well-draining and fertile environment. Use a good-quality potting mix specifically formulated for vegetables or fruits.

You can also create your own by mixing equal parts potting soil, compost, and perlite (or coarse sand) for optimal drainage and aeration.

2. How to Grow Strawberries in Pots

Grow bags are a great option for growing strawberries - Image by Amazon

 

Container gardening allows you to enjoy delicious strawberries even if you have limited outdoor space. Here's a step-by-step process to get you started:

 

Materials Needed:

  • High-quality potting mix (formulated for vegetables or fruits)

  • Pots with drainage holes (at least 8-10 inches in diameter, or larger for everbearing varieties) of strawberry grow bags

  • Saucers for the pots (optional, but recommended)

  • Strawberry plants (seeds, bare-root runners, or established plants)

  • Fertilizer (organic or water-soluble, formulated for vegetables or fruits)

  • Watering can

  • Hand trowel (optional)

 

Steps:

Choosing Your Pots:

Select pots or growing bags with drainage holes to prevent waterlogging, which can harm your strawberry plants. For everbearing varieties, consider larger pots (12-14 inches) to accommodate their growth.

Prepare the Potting Mix:

Fill your chosen pots with a well-draining potting mix. Moisten the mix slightly, ensuring it's evenly damp but not soggy.

Planting Your Strawberries:

Seeds (Optional):

Watch the above video to see how to grow strawberries from seed.

 

If starting from seeds, follow the specific planting instructions on the seed packet. Seeds typically require starting indoors several weeks before the last frost date.

Bare-Root Runners or Established Plants:
Gently loosen the roots of your bare-root runners or established plants. Position the plant so the crown (the point where the leaves meet the roots) sits at or slightly above the soil surface.

Backfill and Water:

Carefully fill in the potting mix around the plant, ensuring the crown remains exposed. Firm the soil gently to secure the plant. Water thoroughly until the water drains freely from the pot bottom.

Placement and Care:

Sunlight:
Place your pots in a location receiving at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily.

Watering:
Water your strawberries regularly, keeping the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Aim for deep watering that reaches the roots.

Fertilizing:
Follow the instructions on your chosen fertilizer to provide essential nutrients for healthy growth and fruit production.

Mulching (Optional):
Apply a thin layer of organic mulch (straw, shredded leaves) around the base of the plants to retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature.

3. How to Grow Strawberries in Your Garden

Transform your garden into a haven for juicy, homegrown strawberries with this step-by-step guide:

 

Materials Needed:

 

Steps:

Choosing the Perfect Location:

Select a sunny spot in your garden that receives at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily. Good air circulation is also important, so avoid planting too close to walls, fences, or large trees.

Soil Preparation:

Test the Soil (Optional):
Conduct a soil test to determine the pH level. Strawberries prefer slightly acidic soil, ideally between 5.8 and 6.5.

Amending the Soil:
If your soil is too alkaline (high pH), amend it with organic matter like compost or aged manure. If it's too acidic (low pH), add lime following package instructions.

Loosening and Aerating:
Use a garden fork or shovel to loosen the soil to a depth of at least 12 inches. This improves drainage and allows for better root development.

Planting Your Strawberries:

Watch the above video to see how to grow strawberries in your garden.

 

Spacing:
Refer to your chosen variety's recommended spacing requirements. Generally, June-bearing varieties need 12-18 inches between plants, while everbearing varieties can be spaced closer (around 10-12 inches).

Planting Depth:
Dig holes slightly larger than the root ball of your bare-root runners or established plants. Position the plant so the crown (where the leaves meet the roots) sits at or slightly above the soil surface.

Backfill and Water:

Carefully fill in the hole with soil, ensuring the crown remains exposed. Firm the soil gently to secure the plant. Water thoroughly until the surrounding soil is moistened.

Ongoing Care:

Watering:
Water your strawberry plants regularly, especially during hot and dry periods. Aim for deep watering that reaches the roots, but avoid waterlogging.

Fertilizing:
Apply a balanced organic fertilizer according to package instructions to provide essential nutrients for optimal growth and fruit production.

Mulching:
Apply a 2-3 inch layer of organic mulch (straw, shredded leaves) around the base of your plants. Mulch helps retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature.

Weed Control:
Keep your strawberry patch free of weeds to prevent competition for nutrients and water.

By following these steps and providing proper care throughout the growing season, you'll be well on your way to enjoying an abundance of delicious, homegrown strawberries from your garden!

4. How to Grow Strawberries from Seeds

Start your strawberry seed indoors 6-8 weeks before the last frost. - Image by Shirley Hirst from Pixabay

 

While less common than planting established plants or runners, growing strawberries from seed can be a rewarding experience. Here are some specific tips for success:

Start Early:

Strawberries benefit from a cool germination period. Aim to start seeds indoors 6-8 weeks before the last frost date in your area.

Use a Seed Starting Mix:

Opt for a sterile, well-draining seed starting mix specifically formulated for seedlings.

Light Matters:

Seeds require light to germinate. Provide them with at least 12 hours of bright light daily, using a grow light if necessary.

Keep it Cool:

Maintain consistent temperatures around 65-70°F (18-21°C) during germination.

Thinning:

Once seedlings develop a few sets of true leaves, thin them to ensure proper spacing. Follow the specific spacing recommendations on the seed packet.

Patience is Key:

Germination can take anywhere from 14 to 42 days. Be patient and maintain consistent moisture throughout the process.

By following these tips and providing the necessary care, you can successfully grow your strawberries from seed and enjoy the satisfaction of nurturing them from the very beginning.

5. How to Grow Strawberries from Runners

Transplant your strawberry runners in early spring. - Image by Jan Haerer from Pixabay

 

Here are some specific tips for growing strawberries from runners, in addition to the general planting instructions:

Choosing Healthy Runners:

Select runners that are thick, green, and at least 4-6 inches long. Avoid weak, thin, or discoloured runners, as these may not produce well.

Timing is Key:

The ideal time to transplant runners is in the early spring or fall when soil temperatures are cool. This allows the runners to establish a strong root system before the summer heat arrives.

Separate the Runners Gently:

Use sharp pruners or scissors to carefully sever the runner from the mother plant. Avoid damaging the crown (the point where the leaves meet the roots) of the runner.

Planting Depth:

When planting the separated runner, ensure the crown sits at or slightly above the soil surface. This prevents crown rot, a common issue if buried too deeply.

Encourage Root Development:

In the first few weeks after planting, pinch off any flowers or developing fruits that appear on the runner. This allows the plant to focus its energy on developing a strong root system, leading to better yields in the long run.

Hydration is Crucial:

Water your newly planted runners regularly, especially during hot and dry periods. Consistent moisture is essential for root development and overall plant health.

Stakes or Anchors (Optional):

For larger or heavier runners, consider using U-shaped wires or small stakes to gently anchor them into the soil. This helps them establish strong roots and prevents them from being dislodged during watering or wind.

By following these additional tips, you can increase your success rate when propagating strawberries from runners and ensure your new plants thrive in your garden or pots.

6. How to Grow Strawberries from the Fruit

Watch how to grow strawberries from the fruit in the above video.

 

While not the most traditional method, growing strawberries from the fruit itself can be a fun experiment for curious gardeners. Here's what you'll need:

 

Materials Needed

  • A ripe strawberry with visible seeds on its surface

  • A well-draining potting mix

  • A small pot with drainage holes

  • Transparent plastic wrap (optional)

  • Patience!

 

Steps:

Prepare the Pot:

Fill your chosen pot with a well-draining potting mix. Moisten the mix slightly, ensuring it's evenly damp but not soggy.

Planting the Fruit:

Instead of using seeds, you'll be using the entire strawberry! Gently press the fruit (seeds facing down) into the moistened potting mix, ensuring at least half of the fruit remains above the soil surface.

Creating a Greenhouse (Optional):

For increased humidity, you can loosely drape a layer of transparent plastic wrap over the pot, creating a mini greenhouse environment.

Light and Moisture:

Place the pot in a warm location receiving indirect sunlight. Keep the soil consistently moist, but avoid overwatering.

Germination and Patience:

Germination can be slow and erratic when using this method. Be patient and maintain consistent moisture for several weeks. You might see small green shoots emerge from the strawberry itself, indicating successful germination.

Care for Seedlings:

Once seedlings appear, gradually remove the plastic wrap (if used) to allow for proper air circulation. Care for the seedlings as you would any young strawberry plant, providing adequate light, water, and fertilizer.

Important Note:

Growing strawberries from the fruit is a less reliable method compared to using seeds, runners, or established plants. It may take a longer time to see results, and some seeds might not germinate at all. However, for the adventurous gardener, it can be a rewarding experiment to witness the process firsthand.

7. Pest & Disease Management for Strawberries

Even the most delicious strawberries can fall victim to pests and diseases. Here's a breakdown of common threats and tips for keeping your plants healthy:

 

Common Pests:

Birds:

Deter birds from eating your berries with netting. - Image by Rick Wunderle from Pixabay

 

These feathered fruit thieves love ripe strawberries! Use bird netting or row covers to deter them.

Aphids:

Aphids are tiny sap-sucking insects. They can greatly weaken your plants. Use insecticidal soap or neem oil spray for control.

Slugs and Snails:

Snails love to eat strawberries.

 

These slimy creatures munch on leaves and fruits. Apply organic slug bait or encourage natural predators like birds and frogs.

 

Common Diseases:

Powdery Mildew:

Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that creates a white powdery coating on leaves. Improve air circulation and use organic fungicides like sulphur or potassium bicarbonate spray to help fight against it.

Gray Mold (Botrytis Rot):

Gray mould (Botrytis rot) causes fruit to rot and become mushy. To prevent this mould, avoid overhead watering, remove infected fruits promptly, and maintain good air circulation.

Verticillium Wilt:

This fungal disease causes leaves to wilt and yellow. Unfortunately, there's no cure, so focus on prevention by planting resistant varieties and rotating your strawberry patch location every few years.

 

General Tips for Pest & Disease Prevention:

Promote Plant Health:

Healthy plants are more resistant to pests and diseases. Provide adequate sunlight, water, and nutrients.

Organic Methods First:

Opt for organic controls like insecticidal soap, neem oil spray, or encouraging beneficial insects whenever possible.

Monitor Regularly:

Inspect your plants regularly for signs of pests or diseases. Early detection and intervention are key.

Sanitation:

Remove fallen leaves and debris around your plants to create a less hospitable environment for pests and diseases.

Crop Rotation:

If planting strawberries in the ground, rotate your planting location every 3-4 years to help disrupt pest and disease cycles.

By implementing these strategies, you can minimize pest and disease problems and ensure your strawberry plants thrive throughout the season. Remember, a healthy and thriving strawberry patch will naturally be more resistant to unwanted visitors!

8. Companion Planting for Strawberries

Companion planting has many great benefits including weed suppression - Image by Viktor Khilchuk from Pixabay

 

Companion planting is a strategy where you strategically place beneficial plants alongside your main crop to create a mutually supportive ecosystem. Here's why it's important for strawberries and some suggestions for companion plants:

 

Benefits of Companion Planting for Strawberries:

Pest Control:

Certain plants act as natural deterrents to common strawberry pests. For example, strong-smelling herbs like chives, garlic, or nasturtiums can repel aphids and other insects.

Improved Pollination:

Flowering companions like borage or alyssum attract pollinators like bees and butterflies, which can significantly boost strawberry yields.

Weed Suppression:

Low-growing plants like lettuce or spinach can help smother weeds that compete with strawberries for water and nutrients.

Ground Cover and Moisture Retention:

Taller plants like bush beans can provide shade for strawberry roots during hot afternoons, helping retain soil moisture.

 

Choosing the Right Companions:

Consider Plant Size and Needs:

Select companion plants that won't overshadow your strawberries or compete for resources.

Flowering Power:

Chive will attract pollinators and deter other pests. - Image by Ylanite Koppens from Pixabay

 

Try to choose flowering companions that bloom at different times throughout the season to attract pollinators consistently.

Beneficial Herbs:

Strongly scented herbs like thyme, mint, or oregano can deter pests while adding a pleasant fragrance to your garden.

Nitrogen Fixers:

Legumes like peas or beans can fix nitrogen in the soil, benefiting both the strawberries and other companion plants.

 

Planting Strategies:

Interplanting:

Mix smaller companion plants like lettuce or herbs directly among your strawberry plants.

Row Planting:

Plant taller companions like bush beans in separate rows alongside your strawberry patch.

 

Examples of Beneficial Companion Plants for Strawberries:

Flowers:

Borage, alyssum, calendula, nasturtiums

Herbs:

Chives, garlic, mint, oregano, thyme

Vegetables:

Lettuce, spinach, bush beans, peas

By incorporating companion planting into your strawberry patch, you can create a more balanced and resilient ecosystem, promoting healthy strawberry growth and potentially increasing your yields!

9. How to Harvest Strawberries

Pick your strawberries once they have turned a vibrant red colour - Image by ArtActiveArt from Pixabay

 

The moment you've been waiting for has arrived – harvest time! Here's how to know when your strawberries are ripe and ready to be picked, along with some tips for proper harvesting:

 

Signs of Ripeness:

Colour:

This is the most obvious indicator. Your strawberries should be a vibrant red colour all the way through, from the tip to the stem attachment. Avoid picking any strawberries with white or green patches.

Aroma:

Ripe strawberries will have a sweet, fragrant aroma. If you can't detect any scent, the berry is likely not quite ready yet.

Touch:

Ripe strawberries will be slightly soft but firm to the touch. Avoid picking mushy or hard berries.

 

Harvesting Tips:

Timing is Key:

Harvest your strawberries in the cool morning hours, after the dew has evaporated. This helps prevent bruising and ensures the berries stay fresher for longer.

Sharp Tools:

Use sharp scissors or pruners to carefully cut the stem just above the point where it connects to the plant. Avoid pulling on the berry itself, as this can damage the plant.

Handle with Care:

Strawberries are delicate fruits. Gently place them in a shallow basket or container to avoid crushing them.

Continuous Harvest:

For everbearing varieties, you can enjoy fresh strawberries throughout the growing season by picking them regularly as they ripen.

 

Storing Your Harvest:

Freshness First:

If possible, eat your strawberries as soon as they are picked. - Image by Foundry Co from Pixabay

 

Freshly picked strawberries are best enjoyed right away for the ultimate flavour experience.

Refrigeration:

If you need to store your strawberries, refrigerate them in a single layer in a shallow container. They will typically keep for 2-3 days.

Freezing (Optional):

For longer storage, you can freeze your strawberries. Wash them gently, pat them dry, and freeze them whole on a baking sheet. Once frozen, transfer them to an airtight container for storage for up to several months.

By following these tips, you can ensure a successful and rewarding harvest from your strawberry patch, allowing you to enjoy the delicious fruits of your labour!

10. How to Grow Strawberries FAQ

a) What Month Is Best to Plant Strawberries?

The best month to plant strawberries depends on your climate. In general, plant them in early spring (after the last frost) in cooler zones or in fall for warmer regions.

b) Where Do Strawberries Grow Best?

Choose a sunny location. - Image by Charlie Homerding from Pixabay

 

Strawberries thrive in full sun (at least 6-8 hours daily) with well-draining, slightly acidic soil. They can be grown in containers or in-ground gardens.

c) Do Strawberries Need to Be Replanted Every Year?

Not necessarily! June-bearing varieties in the ground can fruit for 3-4 years, while everbearing varieties may last 2-3 years. In containers, plan to replace plants every 2-3 years due to shorter lifespans.

d) How to Winterize Your Strawberry Plants (In colder climates):

Apply a layer of mulch (straw, leaves) around the base of your plants in late fall to protect the roots from harsh winter temperatures.

e) How Many Strawberries Do You Get From One Plant?

The number of strawberries per plant varies depending on the variety, plant health, and growing conditions. A healthy, mature plant can produce anywhere from 10-50 berries throughout the season.

f) How Long Do Strawberries Take to Grow?

From planting to harvest can take anywhere from 4-6 weeks for seeds (started indoors earlier), 6-8 weeks for bare-root runners, and slightly less for established plants. Everbearing varieties may produce fruit throughout the season.

 

Learn How to Grow Strawberries and So Much More With Gardenz.



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Ask our friendly experts anything – from finicky fuchsia care to keeping your ferns flamboyant – and unearth a treasure trove of tips, tricks, and troubleshooting advice specifically for your strawberry patch or tomato trellis.

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So come on in, grab a virtual trowel, and let Gardenz help your green thumb blossom – and watch your strawberries flourish!

 
 

For eco-friendly strawberries, ditch chemical fertilizers and mulch with straw to suppress weeds and retain moisture!

 
EZ Teach
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